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Andrea’s Speech at Terra Madre

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On Saturday morning I had the honor of addressing the American delegation at Terra Madre representing the US cooks community along with Sam Hayward of Fore Street in Portland, ME. Here are my remarks:

I am a cook and I love cooking, but mostly I am an eater and, like a lot of you, when I travel it is for food. Actually when I move, it is usually for food. I agree with the late writer Laurie Colwin: my idea of happiness is eating lunch with an old friend while talking about what we are going to make for dinner. Using real ingredients - food grown by people with strong connections to their land and community -is the only way a girl from New Jersey could open an Asian restaurant in North Carolina and even approach some idea of authenticity. Farmers keep chefs, (and the rest of us) in the reality-based community where we belong.

As Michael Pollan described so vividly on Thursday, the relationship between farmers and chefs can be its own healthy eco-system — the more interdependent we can get, the stronger and more sustaining our local food systems will be. I would like to introduce you to our delegation from the Triangle in North Carolina, none of us could do our jobs, or find the via Nizza, without each other.

The Triangle is loaded with busy, grower-only markets due to the energetic, diverse producers who have worked to establish them. Bill Dow was a practicing doctor when he had the then novel idea that the first step in improving our health was creating community access to wholesome local food. What started in Carrboro with Bill, his Ayrshire Farm and two volunteer public health students has become one of the most successful markets of its kind in the country. Also here today are longtime Carrboro Market members Cathy Jones and Mike Perry of Perry-winkle Farm who founded the Fearrington Farmer’s Market and Linda and Charles Gupton of Shiloh Farms, who founded the Wake Forest Farmer’s Market. These markets stay strong and grow with the devotion of market managers, like Sheila Neal, here from the Carrboro Market and committed customers like Chefs Karen & Ben Barker from Magnolia Grill.

Scott Marlow is here from the Rural Advancement Foundation International where he works to save family farms from foreclosure, recover from natural disaster and transition towards sustainability. North Carolina loses 3 small farms every day and many are small-scale tobacco growers. But Stanley Hughes of Pine Knot Farm grew tobacco exclusively until 1996 and is now one of the few certified organic producers at his market, supplying us with sweet potatoes, butter beans, pastured chicken & hogs.

Patrick & Amy Robinette of Harris Acres Farm have made the eventful transition from tobacco to 100% grass-fed beef and they are helping other farmers in their part of the state do the same.

Flo Hawley and Portia McKnight are a triple threat: they cultivate acres of grass, they are livestock managers who recognize each of their pasture-raised Jersey cows by her udders, and, when the chores are done, they are artisan cheese makers. Their primary concern is the health of their animals and it shows in the rich- low yield milk in their Chapel Hill Creamery cheeses and deep flavor of their whey-fed pork.

At Fickle Creek Farm, Ben Bergmann and Noah Ranell’s animals nourish their land – their chickens, pigs, goats, sheep and adopted calves from Chapel Hill Creamery — each serve a specific function in the farm’s ecosystem and will soon allow them to ramp-up their market garden production.

Terra Madre alumnus Betsy & Alex Hitt have been farming together for over 25 years on Peregrine Farm and so know a bit about interdependence and long crop rotations. This summer, they won the Patrick Madden award for Sustainable Agriculture. And along with Ben & Noah they helped found Grower’s Choice Coop in order to save the last independent poultry slaughterhouse in North Carolina. The founding growers are taking a big risk in the hopes that small producers raising chickens in the farmyard and on pasture will continue there work so that North Carolina can taste real, local chicken. We are also lucky to have American Livestock Breads Conservancy nearby in Pittsboro. RAFT Project partners along with Slow Food USA & Chef’s Collaborative, their work is felt everyday on the farms they help populate with rare & delicious breeds.

United, farmers and chefs have potency that agri-business can never manufacture – we have taste on our side. There are certain problems that we are uniquely qualified to tackle together: as educators on the real cost of food, as resources for local eaters and as catalysts for farm-to-school work,

As chefs, we are also in the position to help farmers create dynamic change in our food system by giving our customers the chance to taste responsibly raised meat and begin to understand that there is an alternative to the heavy price we pay for factory meat production.

In North Carolina, one of the most urgent environmental and health issues today is confinement hog production. At any given time there are more pigs than people in North Carolina (11 million) and they only have a 3-day food supply.

But North Carolina’s pork problem is really a national one. Until we once again have a small, diversified farm next door to every BBQ stand and progressive processing and distribution facilities we allow a few corporations to dictate our standards of humane treatment, environmental stewardship, labor practices and taste.

While we are the second largest hog-producing state, very few North Carolinians have ever tasted meat from a pasture-raised pig. But when they do, they get it and they don’t go back. There is no happier experience as a cook than sitting down at the table with a farmer, so let us know when you will be in North Carolina!

This entry was posted on Sunday, October 29th, 2006 at 12:10 pm and is filed under Terra Madre 2006. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

2 Responses to 'Andrea’s Speech at Terra Madre'

  1. Deb Johnson Says:
    March 21st, 2008 at 11:04 pm

    In my role at the NC Pork Council, I am proud to support pork producers in our state and their individual choices to produce pork in ways/means suitable for their various markets. While you may not agree, there is a place for many types of production methods/processes. You have a market that is unique and commercial pork producers also have a market. And in both cases, I believe we should recognize that we must be truthful and factual in our marketing efforts.

    I do not believe that some of your remarks in the above speech are factual and I would like to understand them better. You say: “In North Carolina, one of the most urgent environmental and health issues today is confinement hog production. At any given time there are more pigs than people in North Carolina (11 million) and they only have a 3-day food supply.” Will you provide me with the facts that support those statements?

    Thank you,
    Deborah Johnson
    NC Pork Council

  2. andrea Says:
    April 8th, 2008 at 12:30 am

    I stand by my statement that concentrated confinement hog production is one of the most urgent health and environmental issues that we face in North Carolina today. This scale and concentration of industrial hog production in our state is not only causing unprecedented environmental damage, but it is also a nationally recognized public health crisis.

    ENVIRONMENT: One hog excretes up to 17.5 pounds of waste and urine each day, significantly more than humans. While human waste is treated, hog waste is not. It is stored in open lagoons that can be punctured or overflow. One study conducted by North Carolina State University estimated that as many as 55% of the manure lagoons on hog farms in NC were leaking enough to cause significant environmental damage (Huffman). When the lagoons leak, the high concentrations of nutrients in the waste upset the natural balance of the surrounding ecosystems. In some situations, this can lead to the death of many species of fish and other aquatic life. According to the EPA’s 1998 National Water Quality Inventory, as much as 30 percent of our state’s surveyed rivers, 44 percent of lakes and 23 percent of estuaries were contaminated with unsafe levels of nutrient pollution, meaning that they are no longer safe for recreational or any use.

    HEALTH: Many of the communities near industrial hog farming facilities use well water. High levels of nutrients, primarily nitrogen, can also leach into this water, making it unsafe to drink for pregnant and nursing mothers and infants. At the same time, the fumes released from concentrated hog waste during spraying and when stored in the lagoons have been proven to cause serious health problems for neighboring community members (Schmidt). As a result of industry consolidation, the rapid growth in production has taken place in a concentrated area and the result is that minority and poor populations in North Carolina disproportionately suffer from the compromised quality of life that comes with living near or working in a hog facility. The American Journal of Public Health dedicated its 2007 issue to the residents of Duplin County, stating that “this largely impoverished predominantly African-American region of eastern NC is inextricably linked to the environmental and occupational health hazards emanating from local industrial hog operations, lagoons and sprayfields.”

    HOG POPULATION: Hogs actually do outnumber people in North Carolina. The North Carolina Department of Agriculture recorded the number of hogs in December of 2007 to be between 9.9 and 10 million (NASS). Some estimates, used by groups such as Sustainable Table and others, estimate the number to be as high as 11 million. The Census Bureau’s Populations Estimate Program places total North Carolina population to be 8,856,505 as of December of 2006.

    FEED: Just as North Carolina does not grow enough food to support our human population, neither do we produce enough grain to feed the number of hogs raised here. My statement regarding the amount of feed on hand refers to an average throughout the state and should have been worded more specifically: a typical hog farm in North Carolina receives a delivery of a 7-day supply of grain once a week, thus at any given time there is an estimated 3-day average supply on individual farms throughout the state, similar to the estimated 7-day (or less) supply of food that grocery stores typically stock. Though mills and warehouses do give North Carolina a somewhat longer grain supply, industrial agriculture’s low inventory policies ensure North Carolina’s dependence on affordable transportation of out-of-state feed for our animals.

    Sources:

    Schmidt, Charles. Not Very Neighborly: The Injustice of Hog Farm Citing.
    Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 108, No. 3. (March 2000) pp. A134-A135.

    National Agriculture Statistics Service. U.S. and All States Data: Hogs and Pigs.
    United States Department of Agriculture. December 1, 2007. http://www.nass.usda.gov/QuickStats/PullData_US.jsp

    Huffman, R.L., and P.W. Westerman, “Estimated Seepage Losses from Established Swine Waste Lagoons in the Lower Coastal Plain in North Carolina ,” transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 38(2), 1995: 449-453.

    North Carolina Cooperative Extension
    http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/publicat/wqwm/ag473_4.html

    Center for Disease Control
    http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/healthywater/factsheets/nitrate.html

    North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services
    http://www.rabies.ncdhhs.gov/epi/mera/ilocontamination.html

    American Journal of Public Health
    http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/full/97/3/394

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